"The unremarked optimum: whiteness, optimization, and control in the database revolution" (2021)

 Stevens, N., Hoffmann, A. L., & Florini, S. (2021). The unremarked optimum: whiteness, optimization, and control in the database revolution. Review of Communication, 21(2), 113–128. 

https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521 

" ABSTRACT

The 1970s saw major transformations in how computerized databases were conceived, developed, and designed. Part of a broader shift in how software applications were developed, these transformations—sometimes referred to as “the database revolution”—introduced new and then-novel approaches to structuring and arranging digital data, optimizing them for usability and convenience. At the same time, however, the rhetoric of innovation and revolution surrounding this moment in database development obscures the ways it helped concentrate and extend particular kinds of racialized power and, in particular, whiteness (i.e., those norms and values congenial to the reproduction of white racial dominance and the subjugation of blackness). In this article, we revisit key works of the database revolution to show how they encoded whiteness as a kind of unremarked optimum, in both implicit and explicit ways. Finally, we argue that these developments helped to codify and extend a kind of “willful ignorance” that, as scholars of epistemology and justice have shown, is central to the preservation and reproduction of whiteness "

 

35 Abrial, Data Semantics.

36 Abrial, Data Semantics, 3–10.

37 Abrial’s text includes assigning and retrieving the “sex” of people in the format sex(x) = masculine. The word “feminine” does not appear.